ν°μ€ν 리 λ·°
π°β μ°κ²°μ΄λ―Έ -μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€
HanaTeacher 2025. 8. 21. 23:18β μ°κ²°μ΄λ―Έ -μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€ (Must / Have to)
μ€λμ νκ΅μ΄ μ°κ²°μ΄λ―Έ μλ¦¬μ¦ μ¬λ λ²μ§Έ μκ°μ΄μμ.
(Today is the 8th lesson in our Korean connective ending series.)
μμΌλ‘ νκ΅μ΄μμ μ λ§ μμ£Ό μ°μ΄λ ννμΈ **“-μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€”**λ₯Ό λ°°μ λ³΄κ² μ΅λλ€.
(We will learn “-μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€”, which is very common in daily Korean.)
π λ¬Έλ² μ€λͺ (Grammar Explanation)
β νν (Form)
Verb/Adjective stem + -μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€ ( λμ¬/νμ©μ¬ μ΄κ° + -μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€ )
β μλ―Έ (Meaning)
- μ무, νμμ±μ λνλ λλ€. (must, have to) : It expresses duty or necessity
- μ΄λ€ μν©μμ λ°λμ ν΄μΌ νλ μΌμ΄λ νΌν μ μλ 쑰건μ ννν©λλ€.( It shows something you must do or a condition you cannot avoid.)
π μλ¬Έ (Examples)
- λ΄μΌκΉμ§ μμ λ₯Ό ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.
→ I must do my homework by tomorrow. - 건κ°νλ €λ©΄ λ§€μΌ μ΄λμ ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.
→ To stay healthy, you have to exercise every day. - νμ¬μ λ¦μ§ μμΌλ €λ©΄ μΌμ° μΌμ΄λμΌ ν΄μ.
→ You must wake up early not to be late for work. - λ²μ€λ₯Ό νλ €λ©΄ κ΅ν΅μΉ΄λλ₯Ό μ°μ΄μΌ ν΄μ.
→ You have to tap your transportation card to get on the bus. - μ§κΈ μμ λ₯Ό ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.( I have to do my homework now.)
- λ²μ€λ₯Ό νλ €λ©΄ μ§κΈ λκ°μΌ ν΄μ.(I have to leave now to catch the bus.)
- μ΄μ μνμ΄ μμ΄μ 곡λΆλ₯Ό ν΄μΌ νμ΄μ.( I had to study yesterday because of the exam.)
- λ²μ€κ° λ¦κ² μμ νμλ₯Ό νμΌ νμ΄μ.( The bus was late, so I had to take a taxi.)
- λ΄μΌ μ€μν λ°νκ° μμ΄μ μ€λΉλ₯Ό ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.( I have an important presentation tomorrow, so I will have to prepare.
- λ€μ μ£ΌκΉμ§ λ³΄κ³ μλ₯Ό λ΄μΌ ν΄μ.( I will have to submit the report by next week.)
π μ°μ΅λ¬Έμ (Practice)
κ΄νΈ μμ λμ¬λ₯Ό -μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€λ‘ λ°κΎΈμΈμ.
(Change the verb in parentheses into “-μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€.”)
- μνμ΄ μμ΄μ μ΄μ¬ν (곡λΆνλ€).
- μ½μ μκ°μ λ¦μ§ μμΌλ €λ©΄ 빨리 (κ°λ€).
- λ°©μ΄ λ무 λλ¬μμ. μ²μλ₯Ό (νλ€).
- 건κ°μ μν΄ μ±μλ₯Ό λ§μ΄ (λ¨Ήλ€).
- λ΄μΌ μμΉ¨ μΌμ° μΌμ΄λλ €λ©΄ μ€λ μΌμ° (μλ€).
- μ€λ μ½μ (λ¨Ήλ€)
- μ΄μ μΉκ΅¬λ₯Ό (λ§λλ€)
- λ΄λ μ νκ΅μ΄ λ₯λ ₯μνμ (보λ€)
β μ λ΅ (Answers)
- μνμ΄ μμ΄μ μ΄μ¬ν 곡λΆν΄μΌ ν΄μ.( There is an exam, so I have to study hard.)
- μ½μ μκ°μ λ¦μ§ μμΌλ €λ©΄ 빨리 κ°μΌ ν΄μ.( Not to be late for the appointment, you have to go quickly.)
- λ°©μ΄ λ무 λλ¬μμ. μ²μλ₯Ό ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.( The room is very dirty. I have to clean it.)
- 건κ°μ μν΄ μ±μλ₯Ό λ§μ΄ λ¨Ήμ΄μΌ ν΄μ.( For your health, you must eat lots of vegetables.)
- λ΄μΌ μμΉ¨ μΌμ° μΌμ΄λλ €λ©΄ μ€λ μΌμ° μμΌ ν΄μ.( To wake up early tomorrow, you must sleep early today.)
- μ€λ μ½μ λ¨Ήμ΄μΌ ν΄μ.( I have to take medicine today )
- μ΄μ μΉκ΅¬λ₯Ό λ§λμΌ νμ΄μ. ( μΉκ΅¬ μμΌμ΄μ΄μ μ λ¬Όμ μ£Όλ €κ³ ) ( I had to meet the friend yesterday.)
- λ΄λ μ νκ΅μ΄ λ₯λ ₯μνμ λ΄μΌ ν΄μ.( I will have to take the Korean poficiency test next year.)
π― λνμ°μ΅
π©: μ€λ μ λ μ λ ν΄μ? ( What are you doing tonight? )
π¨: μμ λ₯Ό ν΄μΌ ν΄μ. ( I have to do my homework. )
π©: νΌκ³€ν΄ 보μ¬μ. ( You look tired.)
π¨: λ§μμ. κ·Έλμ μΌμ° μμΌ ν΄μ( μμΌ κ² μ΄μ).( Yes, so I have to go to bed early.)
π©: μ΄μ μ νν°μ μ μμ΄μ? ( Why didn’t you come to the party yesterday? )
π¨: λ―Έμν΄μ. μν 곡λΆλ₯Ό ν΄μΌ νμ΄μ. ( Sorry. I had to study for the exam.)
π©: μ£Όλ§μ λ ν κ±°μμ?( What will you do this weekend?)
π¨: λ€μ μ£Όμ λ°νκ° μμ΄μ μ€λΉλ₯Ό ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.( I will have to prepare because I have a presentation next week.)
π©: μ΄λ² λ°©νμ νκ΅ κ° κ±°μ£ ? ( Are you going to Korea this vacation?)
π¨: λ€. λ°©νμ νκ΅μ κ°μΌν΄μ( Yes, I have to go there )
π©: κ·Έλ¬λ©΄ λΉνκΈ°νλ₯Ό 미리 μ¬μΌ ν κ±°μμ. ( λμ€μ λͺ» μ΄ μλ μμ΄μλΌλ μλ―Έ ν¬ν¨)
so I will have to buy a plane ticket.( including the meaning that you may not be able to buy it later )
λ§λ¬΄λ¦¬ (Conclusion)
μ€λμ μ°κ²°μ΄λ―Έ **“-μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€”**λ₯Ό λ°°μ μ΅λλ€.
Today we learned the connective ending “-μ/μ΄μΌ νλ€ (must / have to).”
μμΌλ‘ νκ΅μ΄μμ **“μ무”**λ₯Ό ννν λ μμ£Ό μ¨ λ³΄μΈμ!
Try to use it often when you want to express duty or necessity in Korean.
μμ λνλ¬Έμ μ΄λ²μ© ν°μλ¦¬λ‘ μ½μ΄λ³΄μΈμ! Read the above dialogue out loud ten times.
π λ€μμλ **“-μ/μ΄λ λλ€ (may, be allowed to)”**λ₯Ό μ΄μ΄μ λ°°μ λ΄ μλ€.
'1. TOPIK μ΄κΈλ¬Έλ²( TOPIK Basic Grammar)' μΉ΄ν κ³ λ¦¬μ λ€λ₯Έ κΈ
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