ν‹°μŠ€ν† λ¦¬ λ·°

βž‡ μ—°κ²°μ–΄λ―Έ -μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€ (Must / Have to)

μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ μ—°κ²°μ–΄λ―Έ μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆ μ—¬λŸ 번째 μ‹œκ°„μ΄μ—μš”.
(Today is the 8th lesson in our Korean connective ending series.)

μ•žμœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄μ—μ„œ 정말 자주 μ“°μ΄λŠ” ν‘œν˜„μΈ **“-μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€”**λ₯Ό λ°°μ›Œ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
(We will learn “-μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€”, which is very common in daily Korean.)

πŸ“– 문법 μ„€λͺ… (Grammar Explanation)

βœ” ν˜•νƒœ (Form)

Verb/Adjective stem + -μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€ ( 동사/ν˜•μš©μ‚¬ μ–΄κ°„ + -μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€ )

βœ” 의미 (Meaning)

  • 의무, ν•„μš”μ„±μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€. (must, have to) : It expresses duty or necessity 
  • μ–΄λ–€ μƒν™©μ—μ„œ λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” μΌμ΄λ‚˜ ν”Όν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 쑰건을 ν‘œν˜„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.( It shows something you must do or a condition you cannot avoid.)

🌟 예문 (Examples)

  1. λ‚΄μΌκΉŒμ§€ μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.
    → I must do my homework by tomorrow.
  2. κ±΄κ°•ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 맀일 μš΄λ™μ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.
    → To stay healthy, you have to exercise every day.
  3. νšŒμ‚¬μ— λŠ¦μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ €λ©΄ 일찍 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.
    → You must wake up early not to be late for work.
  4. λ²„μŠ€λ₯Ό 타렀면 κ΅ν†΅μΉ΄λ“œλ₯Ό 찍어야 ν•΄μš”.
    → You have to tap your transportation card to get on the bus.
  5. μ§€κΈˆ μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( I have to do my homework now.)
  6. λ²„μŠ€λ₯Ό 타렀면 μ§€κΈˆ λ‚˜κ°€μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.(I have to leave now to catch the bus.)
  7. μ–΄μ œ μ‹œν—˜μ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.( I had to study yesterday because of the exam.)
  8. λ²„μŠ€κ°€ 늦게 μ™€μ„œ νƒμ‹œλ₯Ό 타야 ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.(  The bus was late, so I had to take a taxi.)
  9. 내일 μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ°œν‘œκ°€ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ€€λΉ„λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.(  I have an important presentation tomorrow, so I will have to prepare.
  10. λ‹€μŒ μ£ΌκΉŒμ§€ λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό λ‚΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( I will have to submit the report by next week.)

 

πŸ“ μ—°μŠ΅λ¬Έμ œ (Practice)

κ΄„ν˜Έ μ•ˆμ˜ 동사λ₯Ό -μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€λ‘œ λ°”κΎΈμ„Έμš”.
(Change the verb in parentheses into “-μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€.”)

  1. μ‹œν—˜μ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ (κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜λ‹€).
  2. 약속 μ‹œκ°„μ— λŠ¦μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ €λ©΄ 빨리 (κ°€λ‹€).
  3. 방이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ”λŸ¬μ›Œμš”. μ²­μ†Œλ₯Ό (ν•˜λ‹€).
  4. 건강을 μœ„ν•΄ μ±„μ†Œλ₯Ό 많이 (λ¨Ήλ‹€).
  5. 내일 μ•„μΉ¨ 일찍 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λ €λ©΄ 였늘 일찍 (μžλ‹€).
  6. 였늘 약을 (λ¨Ήλ‹€)
  7. μ–΄μ œ 친ꡬλ₯Ό (λ§Œλ‚˜λ‹€)
  8. 내년에 ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ λŠ₯λ ₯μ‹œν—˜μ„ (보닀)

βœ… μ •λ‹΅ (Answers)

  1. μ‹œν—˜μ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ 곡뢀해야 ν•΄μš”.( There is an exam, so I have to study hard.)
  2. 약속 μ‹œκ°„μ— λŠ¦μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ €λ©΄ 빨리 κ°€μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( Not to be late for the appointment, you have to go quickly.)
  3. 방이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ”λŸ¬μ›Œμš”. μ²­μ†Œλ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( The room is very dirty. I have to clean it.)
  4. 건강을 μœ„ν•΄ μ±„μ†Œλ₯Ό 많이 λ¨Ήμ–΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( For your health, you must eat lots of vegetables.)
  5. 내일 μ•„μΉ¨ 일찍 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λ €λ©΄ 였늘 일찍 μžμ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( To wake up early tomorrow, you must sleep early today.)
  6. 였늘 약을 λ¨Ήμ–΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( I have to take medicine today )
  7. μ–΄μ œ 친ꡬλ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜μ•Ό ν–ˆμ–΄μš”. ( 친ꡬ μƒμΌμ΄μ–΄μ„œ 선물을 μ£Όλ €κ³ ) ( I had to meet the friend yesterday.)
  8. 내년에 ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ λŠ₯λ ₯μ‹œν—˜μ„ 봐야 ν•΄μš”.( I will have to take the Korean poficiency test next year.)

🎯 λŒ€ν™”μ—°μŠ΅

πŸ‘©: 였늘 저녁에 뭐 ν•΄μš”? ( What are you doing tonight? )

πŸ‘¨: μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”. ( I have to do my homework. )

 

πŸ‘©:  ν”Όκ³€ν•΄ λ³΄μ—¬μš”. ( You look tired.)

πŸ‘¨: λ§žμ•„μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 일찍 μžμ•Ό ν•΄μš”( μžμ•Ό κ² μ–΄μš”).( Yes, so I have to go to bed early.)

 

πŸ‘©: μ–΄μ œ μ™œ νŒŒν‹°μ— μ•ˆ μ™”μ–΄μš”? ( Why didn’t you come to the party yesterday? )

πŸ‘¨: λ―Έμ•ˆν•΄μš”. μ‹œν—˜ 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμ–΄μš”. ( Sorry. I had to study for the exam.)

 

πŸ‘©: 주말에 뭐 ν•  κ±°μ˜ˆμš”?( What will you do this weekend?)

πŸ‘¨: λ‹€μŒ 주에 λ°œν‘œκ°€ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ€€λΉ„λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄μš”.( I will have to prepare because I have a presentation next week.)

 

πŸ‘©: 이번 방학에 ν•œκ΅­ 갈 κ±°μ£ ? ( Are you going to Korea this vacation?)

πŸ‘¨: λ„€. 방학에 ν•œκ΅­μ— κ°€μ•Όν•΄μš”( Yes, I have to go there )

πŸ‘©: 그러면 λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°ν‘œλ₯Ό  미리 사야 ν•  κ±°μ˜ˆμš”. ( λ‚˜μ€‘μ— λͺ» μ‚΄ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”λΌλŠ” 의미 포함)

  so I will have to buy a plane ticket.( including the meaning that you may not be able to buy it later )

 

마무리 (Conclusion)

μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μ—°κ²°μ–΄λ―Έ **“-μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€”**λ₯Ό λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
Today we learned the connective ending “-μ•„/μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ‹€ (must / have to).”

μ•žμœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄μ—μ„œ **“의무”**λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•  λ•Œ 자주 써 λ³΄μ„Έμš”!
Try to use it often when you want to express duty or necessity in Korean.

μœ„μ˜ λŒ€ν™”λ¬Έμ„ μ—΄λ²ˆμ”© ν°μ†Œλ¦¬λ‘œ μ½μ–΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”! Read the above dialogue out loud ten times.

 

 

πŸ‘‰ λ‹€μŒμ—λŠ” **“-μ•„/어도 λ˜λ‹€ (may, be allowed to)”**λ₯Ό μ΄μ–΄μ„œ λ°°μ›Œ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.

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