ν°μ€ν 리 λ·°
π [νκ΅μ΄ λ¬Έλ²] “μ/λ” vs “μ΄/κ°” — μ§μ§ μ½κ² μ€λͺ ν΄λ립λλ€!
Korean Grammar for Beginners: The Difference Between "μ/λ" and "μ΄/κ°"
μλ
νμΈμ! Hello, Korean learners! π
μ€λμ λ§μ λΆλ€μ΄ ν·κ°λ €νλ μ‘°μ¬ “μ/λ”κ³Ό “μ΄/κ°”μ μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό μμ£Ό μ½κ² μ€λͺ
ν΄λ릴κ²μ.
β 1. μ‘°μ¬λ 무μμΈκ°μ?
What is a particle in Korean?
μ‘°μ¬(particle)λ λ¨μ΄ λ€μ λΆμ΄μ λ¬Έμ₯μμ κ·Έ λ¨μ΄μ μν (μ£Όμ΄, λͺ©μ μ΄ λ±)μ μλ €μ£Όλ λ§μ΄μμ.
Particles are small words that attach to nouns to show their role in the sentence (like subject or object).
β 2. “μ/λ”κ³Ό “μ΄/κ°”λ λͺ¨λ μ£Όμ΄λ₯Ό λνλ΄μ
Both "μ/λ" and "μ΄/κ°" mark the subject of a sentence.
νμ§λ§ κ°μ‘°νλ λ°©μμ΄ μ‘°κΈ λ¬λΌμ!
But the focus of the sentence changes depending on which one you use.
β 3. μ°¨μ΄μ μ?
π¦ “μ/λ” – Topic Marker (μ£Όμ μ‘°μ¬)
- μ΄λ―Έ μκ³ μλ μ 보 / μΌλ°μ μΈ μ¬μ€
- λ°°κ²½ μ 보λ₯Ό μκ°νκ±°λ λλΉλ₯Ό ν λ μ¬μ©ν΄μ
- Used when you're talking about the topic of the sentence — something already known or shared.
πΉ μλ¬Έ | Example:
- μ΄ μ± μ μ¬λ―Έμμ΄μ.
As for this book, it is interesting.
(We’re talking about “this book” in general.)
- μ λ νμμ΄μμ.
As for me, I am a student.
π© “μ΄/κ°” – Subject Marker (주격 μ‘°μ¬)
- μλ‘μ΄ μ 보 / λ¬Έμ₯μμ λμμ 주체λ₯Ό κ°μ‘°ν λ μ¬μ©ν΄μ
- Used when you want to emphasize the subject or when giving new information.
πΉ μλ¬Έ | Example:
- μ΄ μ± μ΄ μ¬λ―Έμμ΄μ.
It’s this book that is interesting.
(Maybe other books are boring, but this one is interesting.)
- λκ° μμ΄μ? → λ―Όμκ° μμ΄μ.
Who came? → Minsu did.
π 4. μλ¬Έ λΉκ΅
μ:
- μ΄ μμμ λ§μμ΄μ.
As for this food, it is delicious.
- μ΄ μμμ΄ λ§μμ΄μ.
This food is delicious (emphasizing that it is this one, not others).
π 5. μ°μ΅ λ¬Έμ (Practice Questions)
Practice Quiz: Learn the Difference Between “μ/λ” and “μ΄/κ°”
μ΄ μ°μ΅λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ "μ/λ"κ³Ό "μ΄/κ°"μ μ°μμ νμ€ν μ΅νλ³Ό μ μμ΄μ.
( Let’s practice how to use “μ/λ” and “μ΄/κ°” correctly with real example sentences! )
π‘ Fill in the blanks with "μ/λ" or "μ΄/κ°" κ΄νΈ μμ μλ§μ μ‘°μ¬λ₯Ό μ ννμΈμ!
1. μ΄ μ¬λ____ μ μΉκ΅¬μμ.
2. κ³ μμ΄____ λ무 κ·μ¬μμ.
3. λ―Όμ____ μ€λ νκ΅μ μ κ°μ΄μ.
4. μ΄ μ·____ μλ»μ.
5. κ·Έ μλΉ____ λ§μμ΄μ.
6. μ λ μ°¨λ₯Ό μ μ λ§μ μ κ·Έλ°λ° 컀νΌ____ μ’μν΄μ.
7. λκ° μ ννμ΄μ? → μ§μ____ μ ννμ΄μ.
8. μ€λ____ λ μ¨κ° νλ €μ.
9. BTS____ μ μΈκ³μ μΌλ‘ μ λͺ ν΄μ.
10. μ μΉκ΅¬_____ νκ΅ μ¬λμ λλ€.
μ λ΅ (Answers):
1. β μ΄ μ¬λμ μ μΉκ΅¬μμ.(We're introducing "this person" as the topic → use μ)
This person is my friend.
2. β κ³ μμ΄κ° λ무 κ·μ¬μμ. ( Emphasizing that the cat is cute → use μ΄/κ° )
The cat is so cute.
3. β λ―Όμλ μ€λ νκ΅μ μ κ°μ΄μ.(Topic = Minsu, contrast possible (maybe others did go) → use μ/λ)
Minsu didn’t go to school today.
4. β μ΄ μ·μ΄ μλ»μ. ( Emphasis is on "this outfit" being pretty → use μ΄/κ° )
This outfit is pretty.
5. β κ·Έ μλΉμ λ§μμ΄μ. ( Talking about that restaurant as a topic → use μ/λ )
That restaurant is delicious.
6. β μ λ μ°¨λ₯Ό μ μ λ§μ μ. κ·Έλ°λ° 컀νΌλ μ’μν΄μ. ( Contrast implied (maybe I don't like tea, but I like coffee) → use μ/λ ) I like coffee.
7. β μ§μκ° μ ννμ΄μ.( Emphasizing subject (answering "who") → use μ΄/κ° )
Who called? → Jisoo did.
8. β μ€λμ λ μ¨κ° νλ €μ. ( Setting "today" as the topic → use μ/λ )
Today, the weather is cloudy.
9. β BTSλ μ μΈκ³μ μΌλ‘ μ λͺ ν΄μ.( Talking about a general fact about BTS → use μ/λ
BTS is famous all over the world.
10. μ μΉκ΅¬λ νκ΅ μ¬λμ λλ€.
β μμ½ μ 리 (Quick Summary)
| λ§νκ³ μλ μ£Όμ (topic) | β | β |
| μλ‘κ±°λ μ€μν μ 보 (focus) | β | β |
| λμ‘°νκ³ μΆμ λ | β | β |
| μ§λ¬Έμ λν λ΅μΌλ‘ 주체 κ°μ‘° | β | β |
β¨ λ§λ¬΄λ¦¬ (Wrap-up)
π μ€λͺ μ 리 (Quick Reminder)
| μ/λ | Topic Marker | μ£Όμ λ₯Ό λ§ν λ ( When talking about general topics or making contrast |
| μ΄/κ° | Subject Marker | μλ‘μ΄ μ 보λ₯Ό μκ° νΉμ κ°μ‘°ν λ ( When introducing new information or emphasizing the subject) |
λ€μ ν¬μ€ν
μμλ “μ/λ₯Ό” μ‘°μ¬λ₯Ό λ°°μλ³Ό κ±°μμ! π
In the next post, we’ll learn about the object particle "μ/λ₯Ό"!
'1. TOPIK μ΄κΈλ¬Έλ²( TOPIK Basic Grammar)' μΉ΄ν κ³ λ¦¬μ λ€λ₯Έ κΈ
| π°μ°κ²°μ΄λ―Έ β -κ³ , -μ§λ§ (3) | 2025.07.11 |
|---|---|
| πβ-μμ / -μ΄μβ π (3) | 2025.07.11 |
| π~κ³ μμ΄μ (2) | 2025.07.07 |
| πμ & λͺ» π (1) | 2025.07.05 |
| πμ vs λ₯Όπ (0) | 2025.07.03 |