ν‹°μŠ€ν† λ¦¬ λ·°

 

πŸ“˜ [ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ 문법] “은/λŠ”” vs “이/κ°€” — μ§„μ§œ μ‰½κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…ν•΄λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€!

Korean Grammar for Beginners: The Difference Between "은/λŠ”" and "이/κ°€"


μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”! Hello, Korean learners! πŸ‘‹
μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ λ§Žμ€ 뢄듀이 ν—·κ°ˆλ €ν•˜λŠ” 쑰사 “은/λŠ””κ³Ό “이/κ°€”의 차이λ₯Ό μ•„μ£Ό μ‰½κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…ν•΄λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.


βœ… 1. μ‘°μ‚¬λž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μš”?

What is a particle in Korean?
쑰사(particle)λŠ” 단어 뒀에 λΆ™μ–΄μ„œ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ κ·Έ λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ μ—­ν• (μ£Όμ–΄, λͺ©μ μ–΄ λ“±)을 μ•Œλ €μ£ΌλŠ” λ§μ΄μ—μš”.
Particles are small words that attach to nouns to show their role in the sentence (like subject or object).

 

βœ… 2. “은/λŠ””κ³Ό “이/κ°€”λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μš”

Both "은/λŠ”" and "이/κ°€" mark the subject of a sentence.
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 방식이 쑰금 λ‹¬λΌμš”!
But the focus of the sentence changes depending on which one you use.

 

βœ… 3. 차이점은?

🟦 “은/λŠ”” – Topic Marker (주제 쑰사)

  • 이미 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” 정보 / 일반적인 사싀
  • λ°°κ²½ 정보λ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λŒ€λΉ„λ₯Ό ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μš”
  • Used when you're talking about the topic of the sentence — something already known or shared.

πŸ”Ή 예문 | Example:

  • 이 책은 μž¬λ―Έμžˆμ–΄μš”.

As for this book, it is interesting.
(We’re talking about “this book” in general.)

  • μ €λŠ” ν•™μƒμ΄μ—μš”.

As for me, I am a student.

 

 

🟩 “이/κ°€” – Subject Marker (주격 쑰사)

  • μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 정보 / λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ λ™μž‘μ˜ 주체λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μš”
  • Used when you want to emphasize the subject or when giving new information.

πŸ”Ή 예문 | Example:

  • 이 책이 μž¬λ―Έμžˆμ–΄μš”.

It’s this book that is interesting.
(Maybe other books are boring, but this one is interesting.)

  • λˆ„κ°€ μ™”μ–΄μš”? → λ―Όμˆ˜κ°€ μ™”μ–΄μš”.

Who came? → Minsu did.

 

πŸ”„ 4. 예문 비ꡐ

예:

  • 이 μŒμ‹μ€ λ§›μžˆμ–΄μš”.

As for this food, it is delicious.

  • 이 μŒμ‹μ΄ λ§›μžˆμ–΄μš”.

This food is delicious (emphasizing that it is this one, not others).

 

 

πŸ“ 5. μ—°μŠ΅ 문제 (Practice Questions)

Practice Quiz: Learn the Difference Between “은/λŠ”” and “이/κ°€” 

 

이 μ—°μŠ΅λ¬Έμ œλ₯Ό 톡해 "은/λŠ”"κ³Ό "이/κ°€"의 μ“°μž„μ„ ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ΅ν˜€λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.

( Let’s practice how to use “은/λŠ”” and “이/κ°€” correctly with real example sentences! )

 

πŸ’‘  Fill in the blanks with "은/λŠ”" or "이/κ°€" κ΄„ν˜Έ μ•ˆμ— μ•Œλ§žμ€ 쑰사λ₯Ό μ„ νƒν•˜μ„Έμš”!

1.   μ΄ μ‚¬λžŒ____ 제 μΉœκ΅¬μ˜ˆμš”.

2. 고양이____ λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ·€μ—¬μ›Œμš”.

3. 민수____ 였늘 학ꡐ에 μ•ˆ κ°”μ–΄μš”.

4. 이 옷____ μ˜ˆλ»μš”.

5. κ·Έ 식당____ λ§›μžˆμ–΄μš”.

6. μ €λŠ”  μ°¨λ₯Ό 잘 μ•ˆ λ§ˆμ…”μš” 그런데 컀피____ μ’‹μ•„ν•΄μš”.

7. λˆ„κ°€ μ „ν™”ν–ˆμ–΄μš”? → μ§€μˆ˜____ μ „ν™”ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.

8. 였늘____ 날씨가 νλ €μš”.

9. BTS____ μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 유λͺ…ν•΄μš”.

10. 제 친ꡬ_____  ν•œκ΅­ μ‚¬λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

 

 

μ •λ‹΅ (Answers):

1. βœ… μ΄ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 제 μΉœκ΅¬μ˜ˆμš”.(We're introducing "this person" as the topic → use μ€)

This person is my friend.

2. βœ… κ³ μ–‘이가 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ·€μ—¬μ›Œμš”. ( Emphasizing that the cat is cute → use μ΄/κ°€ )

The cat is so cute. 

3. βœ… λ―Όμˆ˜λŠ” 였늘 학ꡐ에 μ•ˆ κ°”μ–΄μš”.(Topic = Minsu, contrast possible (maybe others did go) → use μ€/λŠ”)

Minsu didn’t go to school today.

4. βœ… μ΄ 옷이 μ˜ˆλ»μš”. ( Emphasis is on "this outfit" being pretty → use μ΄/κ°€ )

 This outfit is pretty.

5. βœ… κ·Έ 식당은 λ§›μžˆμ–΄μš”. ( Talking about that restaurant as a topic → use μ€/λŠ” )

 That restaurant is delicious.

6. βœ… μ €λŠ” μ°¨λ₯Ό 잘 μ•ˆ λ§ˆμ…”μš”. 그런데  μ»€ν”ΌλŠ” μ’‹μ•„ν•΄μš”. ( Contrast implied (maybe I don't like tea, but I like coffee) → use μ€/λŠ” ) I like coffee.

7. βœ… μ§€μˆ˜κ°€ μ „ν™”ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.( Emphasizing subject (answering "who") → use μ΄/κ°€ )

Who called? → Jisoo did.

8. βœ… μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ 날씨가 νλ €μš”. ( Setting "today" as the topic → use μ€/λŠ” )

Today, the weather is cloudy.

9. βœ… BTSλŠ” μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 유λͺ…ν•΄μš”.( Talking about a general fact about BTS → use μ€/λŠ”

 BTS is famous all over the world.

10. 제 μΉœκ΅¬λŠ” ν•œκ΅­ μ‚¬λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

 

βœ… μš”μ•½ 정리 (Quick Summary)

μ‚¬μš© 상황“은/λŠ””“이/κ°€”
λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 주제 (topic) βœ… ❌
μƒˆλ‘­κ±°λ‚˜ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 정보 (focus) ❌ βœ…
λŒ€μ‘°ν•˜κ³  싢을 λ•Œ βœ… ❌
μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‹΅μœΌλ‘œ 주체 κ°•μ‘° ❌ βœ…
 

✨ 마무리 (Wrap-up)

πŸ“Œ μ„€λͺ… 정리 (Quick Reminder)

은/λŠ” Topic Marker 주제λ₯Ό 말할 λ•Œ ( When talking about general topics or making contrast
이/κ°€ Subject Marker μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 정보λ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œ ν˜Ήμ€ κ°•μ‘°ν•  λ•Œ ( When introducing new information or emphasizing the subject)

 

λ‹€μŒ ν¬μŠ€νŒ…μ—μ„œλŠ” “을/λ₯Ό” 쑰사λ₯Ό λ°°μ›Œλ³Ό κ±°μ˜ˆμš”!  😊
In the next post, we’ll learn about the object particle "을/λ₯Ό"!

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
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